{
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "id": "medicine-use",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-16",
  "indicator_type": "modelled interpolation",
  "unit": "defined daily doses (DDD)",
  "annual_model_2026": 3634642703251,
  "average_per_day": 9951313725,
  "average_per_second": 115177.24,
  "antibiotic_annual_2023": 49327200000,
  "method": "2026 interpolated geometrically between IQVIA 2023 baseline (3.4 trillion DDD) and 2028 forecast (3.8 trillion DDD); antibiotics use a peer-reviewed 2023 global estimate",
  "sources": [
    "IQVIA Institute Global Use of Medicines 2024",
    "WHO ATC/DDD Toolkit",
    "PNAS global antibiotic consumption 2016–2023"
  ],
  "caveat": "DDD is a statistical unit and is not a literal tablet count or personal dosage recommendation"
}